Humanism originated in late 14th century Florence as a consequence of the rediscovery of ancient Greek and Roman texts, which prompted a shift away from the medieval scholasticism predominant in Europe. This enlightenment of values and learning paved the way for the Renaissance, an era that transformed European cultural and intellectual landscapes.

At the heart of humanism lies the belief that individuals are inherently capable of greatness. Humanists emphasize personal dignity and the ability of each person to shape their destiny through knowledge and ethical action. This perspective fostered an unprecedented focus on the human experience, individual potential, and the pursuit of excellence.

Humanists revered ancient Greek and Roman texts, which they considered rich sources of wisdom and virtue. By studying these texts, they sought to understand human nature and improve moral and civic life. This revival of classical learning contributed to advances in art, science, philosophy, and education during the Renaissance period.

Humanism profoundly influenced...