The Web is A hypertext information system Cross-platform Distributed Dynamic Interactive.

 By locating their documents on a private, secure web server called an intranet.

 Cross-platform means that you can access web information equally well from any computer hardware running any operating system using any display. 

 Microsoft Internet Explorer, for example, is included with Windows, and Safari is included with OS X. Mozilla Firefox, Google Chrome, and Opera are all available as free downloads. Likewise, more and more people are using browsers on mobile devices and tablets. iPhone and iPad use Mobile Safari. The Android mobile platform has its own browser. There are also other mobile platforms, like BlackBerry and Windows Phone, and third-party browsers for both Android and iPhone.

What the Browser Does?

 The core purpose of a web browser is to connect to web servers, request documents, and then properly format and display those documents.

The browser is best at retrieving and displaying web documents. Each web page is written in a language called the Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) that includes the text of the page, a description of its structure, and links to other documents, images, or other media. The browser takes the information it gets from the web server and formats it for your display.

It uses the same HTML engine as Apple’s Safari browser, an open source engine called WebKit.

Some popular Browsers:

• Google Chrome
• Microsoft Internet Explorer
• Mozilla Firefox
•  Apple

Safari is the default browser for OS X.

• Mobile Browsers

 The web server is responsible for handling all these requests. Web servers do more than just serve files. They’re also responsible for managing form input and for linking forms and browsers with programs such as databases running on the server.

It is required to publish documents on the Web

The URL provides a universal, consistent method for finding and accessing information.

 URLs contain information about the following: How to get to the information (which protocol to use: FTP, HTTP, or file) The Internet hostname of the computer where the content is stored (www.ncsa.uiuc.edu , ftp.apple.com , netcom16.netcom.com , and so on) The directory or other location on that site where the content is located You also can use special URLs for tasks such as sending mail to people (called Mailto URLs) and running JavaScript code. 

 web publishing meant one thing: creating web pages as individual files and uploading them to a server so that people could view them in their browsers.

 The first is the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), based at Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the United States and INRIA in Europe. The W3C is made up of individuals and organizations interested in supporting and defining the languages and protocols that make up the Web (HTTP, HTML, XHTML, and so on). It also provides products (browsers, servers, and so on) that are freely available to anyone who wants to use them. The W3 Consortium is the closest anyone gets to setting the standards for and enforcing rules about the World Wide Web.

. A group of people and companies interested in the future of the Web have created an organization called the Web Hypertext Application Technology Working Group (or WHATWG). The WHATWG, along with the W3C, wrote the HTML5 specification.