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Anglais n°3

The executive branch

Définition

Collective ministerial responsibility
a convention which implies that cabinet decisions are made collectively. Once a decision has been made, all ministers must publicly support the decision. If they cannot back the decision, they should resign

PM => the head of the UK government and the leader of the executive branch.

--> the leader of the political party that holds the majority in the House of Commons that is appointed by the monarch. 

Duties :

  • Directs both the executive branch and legislative agenda.
  • Appoints and controls the Cabinet's agenda, works aslo for the dismisses ministers.
  • Oversees government policy and administration.
  • Liaises with Parliament, ensures government legislation is passed.
  • Meets with the monarch weekly to discuss national matters.


The Cabinet = a committee of senior ministers that leads the executive branch of the UK government.


- Compo = between 18 to 23 positions (actually 22). Ministers drawn from both chambers by the PM and they head a department.

Governmental collective responsability !


  • Presence of numerous sub-committees that focus on specific policy areas, especially those that cut across several ministries. Some are permanent, while others are ad hoc committees formed to address particular issues.

= Part of high-level government decision-making

Weekly meetings (on Thursday mornings) and length are based on the political climate and if the decisions have been pre-discussed.

Junior Cabinet = a lower cabinet that support Cabinet ministers, and they do NOT head a department


--> also appointed by the PM

  • Assist in implementing policy, focus on specific areas of the department the Cabinet minister heads.

= Have less direct influence on overall government policy

The Sovereign

Définition

Monarch
The Ruler of the United Kingdom of Great-Britain and Northern Ireland. Charles the Third is the King since 2022. He is the Lord Speaker in the HoL since he is the head of the Church of England

The Woolsack = the seat of the Lord Speaker in the House of Lords. It is a large cushion covered in red cloth and stuffed with wool, symbolizing the historical importance of the wool trade in England's economy.


  • Historical significance = tradition from the reign of Edward III when wool mas a major economic ressource. Woolsack = symbol of national wealth

The Sovereign's Throne = grand chair located in the House of Lords. It is used exclusively by the monarch during the State Opening of Parliament, which occurs once a year.

FUN FACTS : The King drives without a licence or plates ; His Majesty doesn't need a passport as it is assigned to the name of the Monarch; HM has 2 birthdays - the 1 being his real birth date and the 2 being an official celebration celebrated in June as it is marked as the offical birthday of the British monarch for over 260 years.


Anglais n°3

The executive branch

Définition

Collective ministerial responsibility
a convention which implies that cabinet decisions are made collectively. Once a decision has been made, all ministers must publicly support the decision. If they cannot back the decision, they should resign

PM => the head of the UK government and the leader of the executive branch.

--> the leader of the political party that holds the majority in the House of Commons that is appointed by the monarch. 

Duties :

  • Directs both the executive branch and legislative agenda.
  • Appoints and controls the Cabinet's agenda, works aslo for the dismisses ministers.
  • Oversees government policy and administration.
  • Liaises with Parliament, ensures government legislation is passed.
  • Meets with the monarch weekly to discuss national matters.


The Cabinet = a committee of senior ministers that leads the executive branch of the UK government.


- Compo = between 18 to 23 positions (actually 22). Ministers drawn from both chambers by the PM and they head a department.

Governmental collective responsability !


  • Presence of numerous sub-committees that focus on specific policy areas, especially those that cut across several ministries. Some are permanent, while others are ad hoc committees formed to address particular issues.

= Part of high-level government decision-making

Weekly meetings (on Thursday mornings) and length are based on the political climate and if the decisions have been pre-discussed.

Junior Cabinet = a lower cabinet that support Cabinet ministers, and they do NOT head a department


--> also appointed by the PM

  • Assist in implementing policy, focus on specific areas of the department the Cabinet minister heads.

= Have less direct influence on overall government policy

The Sovereign

Définition

Monarch
The Ruler of the United Kingdom of Great-Britain and Northern Ireland. Charles the Third is the King since 2022. He is the Lord Speaker in the HoL since he is the head of the Church of England

The Woolsack = the seat of the Lord Speaker in the House of Lords. It is a large cushion covered in red cloth and stuffed with wool, symbolizing the historical importance of the wool trade in England's economy.


  • Historical significance = tradition from the reign of Edward III when wool mas a major economic ressource. Woolsack = symbol of national wealth

The Sovereign's Throne = grand chair located in the House of Lords. It is used exclusively by the monarch during the State Opening of Parliament, which occurs once a year.

FUN FACTS : The King drives without a licence or plates ; His Majesty doesn't need a passport as it is assigned to the name of the Monarch; HM has 2 birthdays - the 1 being his real birth date and the 2 being an official celebration celebrated in June as it is marked as the offical birthday of the British monarch for over 260 years.

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